Partition of Bengal, (1905), division of Bengal carried out by Lord Curzon, the British viceroy of India, amid strong Indian nationalist resistance. It marked the beginning of the Indian National Congress's transition from a middle-class pressure organization into a countrywide popular movement. Since 1765, Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa have been united as a single province of British India. By 1900, the province had grown too vast for a single government to administer. East Bengal had been overlooked in favor of West Bengal and Bihar due to its remoteness and inadequate communication. Curzon picked one of many division ideas.
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