Charles Darwin, an English naturalist, publishes "On the Origin of Species" in 1859, fundamentally transforming the understanding of evolution and establishing the groundwork for evolutionary biology.

On the Origin of Species (or, more precisely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life), published on November 24, 1859, is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin that is widely regarded as the foundation of evolutionary biology.
Related On This Day

Ted Bundy, an American serial killer during the 1970s, was born in Burlington, Vermont in 1946.

Terrorist attacks in Mumbai, India, in 2008: Ten coordinated strikes by Pakistan-based terrorists kill 164 and injure over 250 people in Mumbai, India.

In 1963, Lee Harvey Oswald, the American murderer of JFK two days previously, was shot dead two days later by nightclub owner Jack Ruby live on television at 24.

In 1926, Sri Aurobindo retires to a life of solitude, leaving Mirra Alfassa in charge of his disciples (founding of Sri Aurobindo ashram)

1991 Freddie Mercury, originally Farrokh Bulsara, is a British singer-songwriter and member of the band Queen who died of AIDS at the age of 45.

Howard Carter, an English archaeologist, unlocks Tutankhamun's nearly undamaged tomb in Egypt in 1922.

Karl Benz, German inventor, engine designer, and Mercedes-Benz automotive maker, was born in Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, in 1844.