Mustafa Kemal Ataturk seizes Constantinople from Mehmed VI in 1922, establishing the Republic of Turkey and bringing the Ottoman Empire to an end.
The occupations of Constantinople and Smyrna galvanized the Turkish national movement, which eventually triumphed in the Turkish War of Independence. On November 1, 1922, Turkey's Grand National Assembly formally abolished the Ottoman Sultanate. The Sultan was proclaimed persona non grata and forced to flee the territory governed by the Ottoman Dynasty since 1299. The Sultanate was formally disbanded on November 1, 1922, by the Turkish Parliament in Ankara, ending 623 years of monarchical Ottoman rule.
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