The Battle of Assaye was a major battle fought between the Maratha Empire and the British East India Company during the Second Anglo-Maratha War. It happened on September 23, 1803, near Assaye in western India. An outmanned Indian and British force led by Major General Arthur Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington) defeated a combined Maratha army led by Daulatrao Scindia and the Bhonsle Raja of Berar. The battle was Wellesley's first major victory, and he later described it as his finest achievement on the battlefield, surpassing his more famous victories in the Peninsular War and his defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo.

German industrialist, engineer, and inventor Robert Bosch (23 September 1861 – 12 March 1942) founded Robert Bosch GmbH.
The eleventh of twelve children, Bosch was born in Albeck, a village northeast of Ulm in southern Germany. His parents belonged to a wealthy class of local farmers. His freemason's father gave his children's education a lot of importance and was unusually well-educated for someone in his class. The father of Nobel laureate Carl Bosch, Carl Friedrich Alexander Bosch (1843–1904), was one of his brothers.

Karl Maybach then decided to go into car production on his own in order to make use of the large production capacities that had become idle due to the cancellation of the Dutch border. The new car brand was ready to unveil its first production car, the Maybach W 3, at the Berlin Motor Show in September 1921. The 70 hp (52 kW) in-line six-cylinder W 2 engine powered the five-meter-long vehicle, which reached speeds of up to 110 km/h. The W 3 featured a four-wheel brake system with mechanical braking power compensation and a two-speed transmission with no gearshift. Depressing a foot-operated starting lever changed gears.

Born on September 23, 1949, Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. Twenty studio albums have been released by him, the majority of which feature his backing band, the E Street Band. He is one of the creators of the heartland rock genre of music, which combines the mainstream rock musical style with narrative songs about working-class American life. He is a native of the Jersey Shore. Springsteen has built a reputation for his poetic, socially conscious lyrics and exuberant stage performances, which can last up to four hours. His career has spanned six decades. "The Boss" is the moniker given to him.

Robert Nesta Marley OM was a Jamaican singer, songwriter, and musician. It was Marley's was on the final tour and Europe's largest music tour that year. The tour began on May 30, 1980, at the Hallenstadion in Zürich, Switzerland, where Marley performed for the first time, and ended on September 23, 1980, at the Stanley Theater in Pittsburgh, which was Marley's final concert.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled Ayushman Bharat, the world's largest government-funded healthcare programme, which will benefit 50 crore Indians. He described the "Modicare" scheme, which he launched from the Jharkhand capital of Ranchi, as "a big step towards providing good quality and accessible healthcare to the poor of India." Nearly 10 crore economically backward families will be eligible for 5 lakh each under the flagship programme. Following the program's launch on Sunday, nearly 31 states and union territories will implement it. During his Independence Day speech, Prime Minister Modi announced the scheme's launch from the ramparts of the Red Fort.

Walter Lippmann was an American author, journalist, and political commentator who was born on September 23, 1889 and died on December 14, 1974. His 60-year career is remembered for his role in popularising the idea of the Cold War, for coining the term "stereotype" in its contemporary psychological sense, and for his criticism of the media and democracy in his newspaper column and several books, most notably his 1922 book Public Opinion.

The Second Kashmir War, also known as the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, was the result of clashes between Pakistan and India between April 1965 and September 1965. Following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which sought to infiltrate troops into Jammu and Kashmir in order to spark an uprising against Indian rule, the conflict broke out. This was the direct cause of the war.

Roland Georges Garros was a French fighter pilot and aviation pioneer. Garros began his aviation career in 1909 and accomplished many early feats before joining the French army and becoming one of the earliest fighter pilots during World War I. In the history of aviation, Frenchman Roland Garros made the first non-stop flight across the Mediterranean Sea. Garros took off from Fréjus in the south of France on September 23, 1913, in a Morane-Saulnier monoplane.

Mozilla Firefox, also known as Firefox, is a free and open-source web browser created by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation. It displays web pages using the Gecko rendering engine. The first public version of Mozilla Firefox ("Phoenix 0.1") was released on September 23, 2002.

Caesar Augustus, also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor. He ruled from 27 BC until his death on August 19, AD 14. His birthday was September 23, 63 BC. His legacy as one of the greatest leaders in human history has been cemented by his role as the founder of the Roman Principate, the precursor to the Roman Empire. The Pax Romana or Pax Augusta, a period of imperial peace, and an imperial cult were both established during the rule of Augustus. Despite ongoing wars of imperial expansion on the Empire's borders and the year-long civil war known as the "Year of the Four Emperors" over the imperial succession, the Roman world experienced relatively little major conflict for more than two centuries.

Indian organic chemist Asima Chatterjee, who worked in the fields of organic chemistry and phytomedicine, was born on September 23, 1917, and passed away on November 22, 2006. Her research on vinca alkaloids, the development of anti-epileptic medications, and the creation of anti-malarial medications are some of her most well-known accomplishments. She also wrote a sizable amount of material on Indian subcontinental medicinal plants. She was the first female to be awarded a doctorate in science by a university in India.

Ramdhari Singh (23 September 1908 – 24 April 1974), also known by his pen name Dinkar, was an Indian poet, essayist, freedom fighter, patriot, and academic who wrote in Hindi and Maithili. His nationalist poetry from the era before Indian independence led to his emergence as a rebellious poet. His poetry radiated Veer Rasa, and because of the stirring patriotic works he produced, he has been hailed as a Rashtrakavi ('national poet'). He is hailed as being as well-known and connected to poetry lovers for Hindi speakers as Pushkin is for Russians. He was a regular poet of the Hindi Kavi Sammelan.

Nintendo was founded in 1889 to manufacture handmade hanafuda playing cards. The company licensed third-party card graphics, such as Disney characters, in the mid-1900s. It expanded into a wide range of toys in the 1960s, including original designs by Gunpei Yokoi. It rose to prominence in the 1980s as one of the most prominent figures in the video game industry, with designs by Shigeru Miyamoto such as mascot Mario and the breakthrough hit arcade video game Donkey Kong. As a Japanese multinational consumer electronics company headquartered in Kyoto, Japan, Nintendo Co., Ltd. is now the largest video game company by revenue.

In the year following his resignation from the board of the media company, Ted Turner claimed to have sold all of his shares of Time Warner Inc. Having sold CNN and other cable networks he founded to Time Warner ten years prior, Turner, who had 31.3 million shares as of May, retired from the board of directors.

Ray Charles Robinson Sr. was an American singer, songwriter, pianist, and saxophonist who lived from September 23, 1930, to June 10, 2004. He was frequently referred to by his contemporaries as "The Genius" and is regarded as one of the most recognizable and influential singers in history. He preferred the moniker "Brother Ray" when referring to friends and other musicians. Charles lost his sight as a child, possibly from glaucoma.