President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the agencies that led to the Manhattan Project in 1939, when U.S. intelligence operatives reported that scientists working for Adolf Hitler were already working on a nuclear weapon. The contentious development and subsequent deployment of the atomic bomb involved some of the world's most brilliant scientists, as well as the United States military. In 1942, the OSRD established the Manhattan Engineer District in the New York City borough of the same name. Colonel Leslie R. Groves of the United States Army was selected to oversee the project.

Former President Jimmy Carter, 74, and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, 72, marked their 45th wedding anniversary with a throwback photo and romantic social media interactions. Bill and Hillary Clinton have dominated Democratic politics for two decades, and their public connection has captivated Americans of all political stripes. He sought unsuccessfully for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 1974. In 1975, he married a fellow Yale Law graduate, attorney Hillary Rodham (Hillary Clinton), who later joined him in politics.

Jagjit Singh was a well-known Indian singer, songwriter, and guitarist known as the "Ghazal King." He was a young prodigy in music, born into a middle-class Sikh household; his father recognized his potential and pushed him to pursue classical music. After being in a coma for two weeks, he died on October 10, 2011 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India from a brain hemorrhage. He was cremated in Mumbai's Chandanwadi Crematorium.

Every year on October 8, India commemorates Indian Air Force Day since it was on this day in 1932 that the Indian Air Force was formally established as a supporting force to the Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom. Indian Air Force Day is observed annually at Hindon Air Force Station in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh. The occasion is characterized by the attendance of the chief of the IAF and top officials from the three military forces. On this day, the most important and antique airplanes put on a spectacular exhibition in the open sky. The Bharatiya Vayu Sena is another name for the Indian Air Force.

Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, leaders of the Nationalist and Communist parties, met in 1945 for a series of negotiations on the creation of a post-war administration. Both believed that democracy, a united military, and equality for all Chinese political groups were critical. The truce was shaky, and despite repeated efforts by US General George Marshall to negotiate a deal, the two factions were waging an all-out civil war by 1946. Efforts to create a coalition government were hampered by years of distrust between the two factions.

Ernesto "Che" Guevara de la Serna was a key figure in the Cuban Revolution and an Argentine Marxist revolutionary. Guevara studied medicine before traveling around South America, where he witnessed the conditions that fueled his Marxist ideas. Guevara left his job in 1965, with the Cuban economy in shambles, to export his revolutionary ideals to other areas of the world. He originally went to the Congo to train men in guerrilla warfare in support of a revolution there, but he returned later that year when the revolution collapsed.

In the film and its sequels, Christopher Reeve played Superman. Following a spinal cord accident, he established a charity to assist other paraplegics. Before starring in Superman and its sequels, Christopher Reeve had a number of theater and television appearances. On October 10, 2004, Reeve died after a heart attack. He was survived by his wife Dana and son William, as well as his two children from his former relationship with model Gae Exton, Matthew and Alexandra.

Peter Gene Hernandez, better known as Bruno Mars, was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, on October 8, 1985. He is an American singer-songwriter who was well-known for both his upbeat live performances and his catchy pop music, which frequently had upbeat lyrics, mixed various genres, and had a retro feel.

Amitabh Harivansh Bachchan, better known as Amitabh Bachchan, was born on October 11, 1942 in Allahabad, India. Bachchan's father was Dr. Harivansh Rai, a well-known Hindi poet. Teji Bachchan, his mother, was a Sikh socialite. Ajitabh, his younger brother, is his only sibling. Amitabh Bachchan is a Bollywood actor who made his film debut in 1969 with Saat Hindustani. His appearance in the 1972 action film Zanjeer catapulted him to stardom. Bachchan was a member of the Indian Parliament in the 1980s. He founded his own production firm in the 1990s. In 1997, he returned to acting with Mrityudaata. He started hosting the Indian variant of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? in 2000.

Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani education activist, and Kailash Satyarthi, an Indian child rights activist, have both been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Ms Yousafzai stated that she was there to advocate for the rights of forgotten and fearful children, rather than to pity them. Kailash Satyarthi has dedicated his life to a cause that is vital to the whole human race. I applaud his tenacious efforts. Kailash's life-long struggle against child labor in India, which I had the opportunity of witnessing firsthand, complements Malala's efforts advocating for girls' rights to education from Pakistan to the rest of the globe.

A shooter shot Yousafzai as she was walking home from school on October 9, 2012. She survived and has continued to advocate for the value of education. She delivered a speech to the United Nations in 2013 and released her debut book, I Am Malala. Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani education activist who, at the age of 17, became the youngest person to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 after surviving a Taliban murder attempt. When Yousafzai was still a kid, she became an advocate for girls' education, prompting the Taliban to issue a murder threat against her.

Dr. James Franklin Hyde was an American scientist best recognized for developing silicon. Dr. James Franklin Hyde was an American scientist best recognized for developing silicon. Dr. James Franklin Hyde died on October 11, 1999, at the age of 96, in Florida. He held over a hundred patents, many of which were for his achievements and novel techniques of producing silicon from glass materials. The invention of fused silica optic fibers enabled quicker communications than copper lines.

Krishnaswami of Rasipuram Narayan, full name Rasipuram Krishnaswami Narayanswami, was an Indian author of his time who wrote in English. Swami and Friends, his debut novel, is an episodic tale that follows the exploits of a bunch of schoolboys. That novel, as well as several of Narayan's subsequent writings, are set in the imaginary South Indian town of Malgudi. Narayan's work generally depicts the quirks of human interactions and the paradoxes of Indian daily life, in which modern urban life collides with ancient tradition. His demeanor is elegant, characterized by pleasant humour, elegance, and simplicity.

Rekha Bhanurekha Ganesan is the daughter of famous Tamil actor Gemini Ganesan and Telugu actress Pushpavalli. In 1966, she debuted as a child performer in the Telugu film Rangul Ratnam. Her debut film, Anjana Safar, was made when she was still a teenager. Rekha had taken up acting for financial reasons rather than dreams. Rekha's life has been described as "the Greta Garbo of Indian cinema," with numerous highs and lows. The actor remains a renegade who battled and succeeded against a world that is deeply sexist and oppressive.

John Hancock was an 18th-century American businessman who served as President of the Continental Congress and was the first to sign the Declaration of Independence. He was the first signer of the Declaration of Independence and later became the first governor of Massachusetts. He was also accused of financial mismanagement. While serving as governor, Hancock died on October 8, 1793. He was laid to rest in Boston, Massachusetts.

Guru Dutt, real name Vasanth Kumar Shivsankar Padukone, was born in Bangalore. Hindi motion-picture producer, director, writer, and actor whose command of atmosphere and lighting in a series of melodramas established him as one of the most well-known and talented stylists of Bollywood's golden period. Guru Dutt, the director of Pyaasa, was discovered dead in his Mumbai rented residence in 1964. At the age of 39, he exited this earth. According to accounts, the cause of his death was a deadly mix of sleeping medications and alcohol. He also failed several suicide attempts, according to reports.

Captain James Cook, an English sailor, saw New Zealand on October 6, 1769, and arrived at Poverty Bay two days later. He created extensive maps of the land and wrote about the Mori people. His first contact with Mori did not go well; a fight erupted, and numerous Mori were slain. Cook and his troops, on the other hand, had amicable touch with Mori following this. Captain Cook used New Zealand as a base for two further trips to establish that a large southern continent did not exist in the Pacific.

Raaj Kumar, commonly known as Raj Kumar, is an Indian actor well known for the gloomy roles he portrays and his husky voice. Kumar worked in Hindi cinema for almost four decades, appearing in over seventy films, including legendary successes like Mother India, Waqt, Pakeezah, Lal Patthar, and Saudagar. He went by the name Kulbhushan Pundit and lived a normal middle-class life until the 1940s, when he relocated to Mumbai and worked as a Sub Inspector. His fascination with Hindi cinema led him to the Bombay film business. Kumar made his debut with Rangoli, and the rest, as they say, is history.